This study was carried out at the animal farm, Bani Walid Feeding trial two season (summer and early autumn) was carried out on 5 Barki rams (12+_ 1 month aged). Animals were fed on a ration containing concentration feed mixture (CFM) were fed at arat 2% of LBW. While wheat straw was offered ad-libitum, The result revealed a significant effect (p< 0.05) of the high temperature in summer season on testosterone hormone(ng/ml) dead sperm 5% and abnormal sperm 5% while the cortisol hormone levels remains without significant differences, In conclusion: Barki rams has a great ability to heat temperature adaptation to decline the effect of external hyperthermia on reproductive ability as soon as possible, and can resume almost a perfect sexual activity with high fertility rate immediately at the regression of climatic high temperature.

KEY WORDS: Barki Rams, High temperature, cortisol hormone , testosterone hormone , abnormal sperms.

Transdermal drug delivery is preferable over the oral and parenteral drug delivery systems due to absence of first pass metabolism and patient compliance. Dermal patches are becoming popular in drug delivery. Administration of drug across the skin is best route of drug delivery as the skin is largest human organ. Skin comprises of 1.5 -2.0 m2 surface with total weight 3 kg. Stratum corneum, the outermost protecting envelop of the skin retard the entry of xenobiotics. A novel vesicular system, transferosomes have been developed to improve the permeability of the skin thereby enhancing the topical delivery of drugs. Transferosomes are composite vesicles consists of hydrophobic and hydrophilic moieties together enable them to accommodate drug molecules with wide range of solubility. Transferosomes has the ability to deform and pass through narrow passages which are 5 to 10 times less than their own diameter without measurable loss of drug. Transferosomes, a new age carrier vesicles have been explored extensively for topical application to enhance intact skin penetration as well as to improve skin retention of drugs for extended release of drugs. KEY WORDS: Transdermal drug delivery, Transferosomes, Method of preparation, Applications.

Medicinal plants are major source of bio-dynamic compounds of therapeutic values. Ethno-medico-botanical study brings out efficient treatment among common human diseases. An ethno-medical- botanical survey was conducted in and around Abishegapakkam, Puducherry by personal interview among the ethnic groups and traditional medical practitioners. In Abishegapakkam, Puducherry, a good number of traditional bone setters are practicing for the past two hundred years. Patients from nearby areas such as Mudiyampakkam, Villupuram, Kallakurichi, Neyveli, Cuddalore, Panruti and Puducherry have been benefitting from this treatment. The medicinal plants used by these practitioners have been kept as a guarded secret since ages. So far they have not been documented scientifically. Hence it was thought worth to carry out a survey among these traditional practitioners. The survey revealed that Cassia occidentalis are traditionally used for bone setting by this ethnic group of people.The traditional bone setters grind the leaves into the fine paste and it is mixed with the white yolk of egg and applied liberally on the area of injury. Then it is wrapped with gauze and in some cases a bamboo stick to keep the bones in places. This present review highlights the bone setting and bone healing properties of the traditionally used potential herb Cassia occidentalisLinn (Caesalpinaceae).. KEY WORDS: Cassia occidentalis Linn. Caesalpinaceae, Traditional bone setter and Bone healer.